воскресенье, 27 марта 2011 г.

Директора Ост-индской компании

Это – официальный список директоров Ост-индской компании. По традиции, в составе директоров – 12 одновременно руководящих человек, и вот что интересно: в 1758 году их число вдвое больше – 24 человека. Такое удвоение состава могло произойти в одном случае – при слиянии двух компаний в одну. Вот только удвоение директорского состава Компании в 1758 году в ее истории не мотивировано ничем; оно было мотивировано на 51 год раньше, в 1707 году, когда Ост-Индская компания (если верить официальной истории) объединилась со второй подобной компанией. И, тем не менее, удвоение директорского состава произошло именно в 1758 году.
ВЫВОД: реальная дата слияний двух разных компаний в Ост-индскую – 1758 год.

Date    Directors of the British East India Company
1758    Barwell, William 1758,59,61,62,63,64,66.
1758    Boulton, Henry Crabb 1758, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64*, 65**, 67, 68**, 69, 70, 72, 73**, d. Oct 1773.
1758    Boyd, John 1758, 59*, 60, 61, 63, 64, d. Aug 1766.
1758    Browne, John 1758, 59, 60, 62, 63.
1758    Burrow, Christopher 1758, 60, 61.
1758    Creed, James . 1758, 61, d. Feb 1762.
1758    Cutts, Charles 1758,59,60,61,63,64,65,66.
1758    Dorrien, John 1758,60,61,62*,63**.
1758    Drake, Roger 1758*, d. Jun 1762.
1758    Dudley, George 1758, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65*, 66**,67,70,71*, d. Nov 1777.
1758    Hadley, Henry 1758, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65.
1758    Harrison, John 1758, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73*, 74*–5**7, 79–82.
1758    Manship, John 1758, 62, 63, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, Dec 73, 74–7, 79–82, 84–7, 89–92, 94–7, 99–1802, 04–07, 09, disq. May 1809.
1758    Newnham, Nathaniel 1758, d. Feb 1760.
1758    Phipps, Thomas 1758
1758    Pigou, Frederick 1758, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74–7.
1758    Plant, Henry 1758
1758    Raymond, John 1758, 59, 60, d. 1768.
1758    Rooke, Giles 1758, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64.
1758    Rous, Thomas 1758, 60*, 61*, 62**, 64**, 65, 66*, 67**, 70, 71, d. Jul 1771.
1758    Savage, Henry 1758, 60, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74–7, 79–82.
1758    Steevens, George 1758, 59, 60, 62, 63, d. 1763.
1758    Sulivan, Laurence 1758**, 60**, 61**, 63*, 64, 69, 71, 72*, 78–80*–81**, 83–5, d. Feb 1786.
1758    Tullie, Timothy 1758, 60, 61, 62, 63, d. Aug 1765.
1759    Baron, Christopher 1759, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, d. Nov 1767.
1759    Barrington, Fitzwilliam 1759, 61, 62, 65, 66, 67.
1759    Bosanquet, Jacob (1) 1759
1759    Gildart, Richard 1759
1759    Godfrey, Peter 1759**,60.
1759    Gough, Charles 1759, 60, 61, 62, d. Feb 1774.
1759    Harrison, Samuel 1759,61,62, d. May 1765.
1759    Seward, Richard 1759, 61, 62, 63.
1759    Smith, Richard 1759, 60, 61, 62, 64.
1759    Thornton, William (1) 1759, 61, 62, 63, 64.
1759    Walton, Bourchier 1759,60,61,62, d. Jun 1779.
1759    Waters, Thomas 1759, 60, 61, 62, d. Sep 1764.
1760    Amyand, George 1760, 63, d. Aug 1766.
1760    Warner, Richard 1760, 61, 62, 63.
1762    Burrow, Robert 1762, 63, 64.
1762    Snell, William 1762, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69.
1762    Ward, Edward 1762, d. Sep 1762.
1762    Webber, William 1762, 63, 64, 65, d. Apr 1779.
1763    Chambers, Charles (1) 1763, 64, 65, 66, 68.
1763    Purling, John 1763, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70*, 71**, 77–80.
1764    Cuming, George 1764,65,66,67,69,70,71,72, Dec 73, 74–7, 79–82, 85–7, d. Dec 1787.
1764    Ducane, Peter 1764,66,67,68,69,71,72,73.
1764    Roberts, John 1764, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75*–6**–8, Nov 80–3,85–8,90–3,95–8,1800–01*–02**–03*, 05–08,d. Feb 1810.
1765    Creswicke, Joseph 1765,66,67, 68, d. Jun 1772.
1765    Cruttenden, Edward Holden 1765, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, d. Jun 1771.
1765    Dupre, Josias 1765, 66, d. Oct 1780.
1765    Jones, Robert 1765, 66, 67, 68, d. Feb 1774.
1765    Pardoe, John 1765, 66, 67, 68.
1765    Saunders, Thomas 1765,66,67*.
1765    Scrafton, Luke 1765, 66, 67, 68.
1765    Stephenson, John 1765,66,67,68, d. Apr 1794.
1765    Wheler, Edward 1765, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73**, 74**–6.
1766    Wombwell, George 1766, 67, 68, 75–7**–8**, 80, d. Nov 1780.
1767    Booth, Benjamin 1767, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 75–8, 80–3, d. Apr 1807.
1767    Cockburn, James 1767, 68, 70, 71.
1767    Colebrooke, George 1767, 68*, 69**, 70**, 72**.
1767    Cust, Peregrine 1767,68,69*.
1768    Bosanquet, Richard 1768, 69, 71, 72.
1768    Hurlock, Joseph 1768, 70, 71, 72, 73.
1768    James, William 1768, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74–6*, 78*–9**––80–1*,83, d. Dec 1783.
1768    Wier, Daniel 1768, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74–6.
1768    Woodhouse, John 1768, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74–6, 78–81, Jan 1784–84–86, 88–90, disq. Feb 1791.
1769    Boddam, Charles 1769, 72, 73, 74–5, 77–80, 82–4, d. Dec 1784.
1769    Dempster, George 1769, 72, d. Feb 1818.
1769    Fletcher, Henry 1769, 71, 72, 73, 74–5, 77––80, 82***–83**, resigned Nov 1783.
1769    Freeman, William George 1769, 74–6, 78–81.
1769    Gregory, Robert 1769,70,71,72,75–8,80–2**, resigned Aug 1782.
1769    Motteux, John 1769, 1784–6*–7**.
1769    Vansittart, Henry 1769, d. 1770.
1770    Chambers, Charles (2) 1770, 73.
1770    Devaynes, William 1770,71, 72, 73, 74–5, 77*–89*–80**, 82–3*–4*–5**, 878*–9**–90*, 92–3**–4**–5, 97–1800, 02–05, defeated Apr 1807.
1770    Lascelles, Peter 1770, 72, 73, 74–5.
1770    Michie, John 1770, 71, 72, 73, 74–5, 77–80, 83–6**, 88*, d. Nov 1788.
1771    Smith, Joshua 1771,72, d. Jul 1775.
1771    Verelst, Harry 1771, d. 1785.
1772    Dethick, Thomas 1772
1772    Rumbold, Thomas 1772, 75–6–7, res. Aug 1777.
1772    Tatem, George 1772, 73, 74, 76–9, 81–4, Jul 1786, 88–91, 93–6, 98–1801, d. Jul 1807.
1773    Burgess, John Smith 1773, 74, 76–9, 81–4, 86–9, 91 **–2*–4, 96–9, 1801–3, d. May 1803.
1773    Hall, Richard 1773, 74, 76–9, 81–4, 86, d. Dec 1786.
1773    Hawkesworth, John 1773, d. Nov 1773.
1773    Peach, Samuel 1773, 74, 76–9, 81, disq. Oct 1781.
1773    Rous, Thomas Bates 1773,74,76–9.
1773    Sparkes, Joseph 1773, 74, 76–9, 81–4, 86–9, d. Mar 1790.
1774    Moffat, James 1774–7, 79–82, Dec 1784–5,87–90, d. Dec 1790.
1774    Smith, Nathaniel 1774–5, 77–80, 82*–3***–4**5*, 87*–8**–90, 92–4, d. May 1794.
1774    Stables, John 1774–6, 78–81, disq. Oct 1781.
1775    Becher, Richard 1775–8, 80, disq. Mar 1781.
1777    Cheap, Thomas Aug, 1777, 78, 80–3, 85–8, 90–3*.
1778    Mills, William 1778–81, 83–5, disq. Aug 1785.
1779    Baring, Francis 1779–82, 84–7, 89–91*–2**, 94–7,99–1802,04–07,09–10, d. Oct 1810.
1780    Darell, Lionel 1780–3 85–8 90–3 95–8 1800–3, d. Oct 1803.
1781    Bensley, William Oct 1781–4, 86–9, 91–4, 96–9, 1801–4, 06–09, d. Jan 1810.
1781    Hunter, John 1781–4, 86–9, 91–4*, 96–9, 1801–2, d. Jan 1803.
1781    Parry, Thomas Oct 1781, 83–6, 88–91, 93–6, 98–1801, 03–06, d. 1806.
1781    Townson, John Mar 1781, 81–3, 85–8, 90–3, 95–6, d. Apr 1797.
1782    Bosanquet, Jacob (2) Aug 1782–3, 85–8, 90–3, 95–7*–8**, 1800–02*–03**, 05–08, 10*–11 **–12**–13, 15–18, 20–3, 25–6, disq. Mar 1827.
1782    Lushington, Stephen 1782–5, 87–9*–90**, 92–5**, 97–8*–9**–1800, 02–05, d. Jan 1807.
1782    Wilkinson, Jacob 1782–3, resigned Nov 1783.
1783    Smith, Samuel 1783–6, disq. Jul 1786.
1784    Atkinson, Richard Jan 1784–84–5, d. Jun 1785.
1784    Boehm, Edmund 1784–7, d. 1787.
1784    Inglis, Hugh 1784–7,89–92,94–6*–7**,99*1800**–02, 04–07, 09–11*12*, d. 1812.
1784    Johnstone, George Jan 1784–84–85, d. 1787.
1784    Lemesurier, Paul 1784–7, 89–92, 94–7, 99–1802, 04–05, d. Dec 1805.
1785    Fitzhugh, Thomas Aug 1785, 87–90, 92–5, 97–9, d. Jan 1800.
1785    Mills, Charles (1) Aug 1785–6, 88–91, 93–6, 98–1801 ***, 03–06, 08–11, 13–14, disq. Mar 1815.
1786    Elphinstone, William Fullarton Dec 1786–9, 91–4, 96–9, 1801–04**,06**–09,11–13*–14**, 16–19, 21–4, resigned Apr 1825.
1786    Robarts, Abraham Mar 1786–86, 88–91, 93–6, 98–1801, 03–06, 08–11, 1315, disq. Oct 1815.
1786    Travers, John 1786–9, 91–4, 96–9, 1801–04, 06–09, d. Oct 1809.
1787    Pattle, Thomas 1787–90, 92–4, disq. Apr 1795.
1787    Thornton, Robert Dec 1787–8, 90–3, 95–8, 1800–03 05–0? 10–13** disq. Apr 1814.
1788    Scott, David (1) Dec 1788–91, 93–5*–6**, 98–1800*–01 **, resigned Apr 1802.
1789    Metcalfe, Thomas Theophilus 1789–92,94–7,99–1802,04–07, 09–12, d. Nov 1813.
1789    Money, William 1789–92, 94–5, d. Feb 1796.
1790    Ewer, Walter Dec 1790, 92–4, disq. Apr 1795.
1790    Williams, Stephen Mar 1790,91–4, 96–9, 1801–4, d. Mar 1805.
1791    Fraser, Simon Feb 1791–91, 93–6, 98–1801,03–06, d. 1807.
1794    Grant, Charles May 1794–5,97–1800,02–04*05**, 07*–08*–09**–10,1215**,17–20,22–3, d. Oct 1823.
1795    Cotton, Joseph 1795–8, 1800–3, 05–08, 10–13, 15–18,20–3, disq. May 1823.
1795    Irwin, James Apr 1795, 97, d. Mar 1798.
1795    Smith, George Apr 1795, 97–1800, 02–05*, 07–10, 12–15, 17–20, 22–5, 27–30, 32–3, disq. Jul 1833.
1796    Campbell, Archibald M. Feb 1796–96, d. Sept., 1796.
1796    Thelusson, George Woodford Sep 1796–7, 99–1802, 04–07, d. Dec 1811.
1797    Parry, Edward Apr 1797–97–98, 1800–03,0506*–07**–08**, 10–13, 1518, 20–3, 25–7, d. Jul 1827.
1798    Toone, Sweny Mar 1798–98–1800, 02–05, 07–10, 12–15, 17–20, 22–5, 27–30, disq. Feb 1831.
1800    Astell, William Thornton Jan 1800–1800, 02–05, 07–09*–10**, 12–15, 17–20, 22–3*–4**–5, 27–8**–9*30**, 32–5, 37–40, 42–5, d. Mar 1847.
1803    Hudleston, John 1803–6, 08–11, 13–16, 18–21, 23–5, disq. Mar 1826.
1803    Inglis, John May 1803–04, 06–09, 11–14*, 16––19,21–2, d. Aug 1822.
1803    Jackson, William Adair Jan 1803–03–04, d. Nov., 1804.
1803    Plowden, Richard Chicheley 1803–06, 08–11, 13–16, 18–21, 23–6, 28–9, d. Feb 1830.
1803    Reid, Thomas Nov 1803, 05–08, 10– 13,15*–16**–18,20*–1**–3, d. Mar 1824
1804    Bebb, John Nov 1804, 06–09, 11–14, 16*–17**–19, 21–4, 26–9, disq. Apr 1830.
1805    Pattison, James Mar 1805, 06–09, 11–14, 16–17*–18**–19, 21*–2**–4, 26–7*–9, disq. Apr 1830.
1806    Millet, George Jan 1806–06–07, 09–12, d. 1812.
1807    Jackson, John 1807–10,12–15, 17–20, d. Jun 1820.
1807    Marjoribanks, Campbell 1807–10, 12–15, 17–18*–19**20, 22–4*–5**, 27–30,32*3**–5, 37–40, d. Sep 1840.
1808    Bannerman, John Alexander 1808–11, 13–16, disq. Mar 1817.
1808    Robinson, George Abercrombie 1808–11,13–16,18–19*–20**–1, 23–5*–6**, 28, disq. Mar 1829.
1809    Daniell, James Oct 1809, 11–14, 16–19, 21–4, resigned Apr 1825.
1809    Wigram, William May 1809–12, 15–18, 20–2*3**,25–8,30–3*,35–8,40–3, 45–8, 50–3.
1809    Williams, Robert 1809–12, d. Jul 1812.
1810    Davis, Samuel Oct 1810–12, 14–17, 19, d. Jul 1819.
1810    Taylor, John Bladen Jan 1810, 11–14, 16–19, d. 1819.
1810    Twining, Richard 1810–13, 15–16, disq. Jan 1817.
1812    Clerk, Robert Jul 1812, 14–15,d. Jul 1815.
1814    Allan, Alexander 1814–17, 19–20, d. Oct 1820.
1814    Lindsay, Hugh 1814–17, 19–22, 24–6*–7**, 29–32, 34–7, 39–42, 44, d. May 1844.
1814    Morris, John 1814–17, 19–22, 24–7, 29–32, 34–7, disq. Jan 1838.
1814    Scott, David (2) 1814–17, 19–20, disq. Aug 1820.
1815    Clarke, William Stanley Mar 1815–15–16, 18–21, 23–6 28–31 33–4*–5**–6, 38–41, 43, d. Jan 1844:
1815    Parry, Richard Aug 1815–17, d. Jul 1817.
1815    Thornhill, John Oct 1815–16, 18–21, 23–6, 28–31, 33–6, 38–40, d. Feb 1841.
1817    Campbell, Robert Jul 1817, 19–22, 24–7, 29–30*–31**–32, 34–7, 39–42, 44–7, 49–52, d. 1858.
1817    Lumsden, John Jan 1817, 18, d. Dec 1818.
1817    Raikes, George Mar 1817, 18–21, 23–6, 28–31, 33–6, disq. Jul 1836.
1818    Money, William Taylor Dec 1818, 20–3, 25, disq. Mar 1826.
1819    Ravenshaw II, John Goldsborough Jul 1819–22, 24–7, 29–31*2**, 34–7, 39–40, d. Jun 1840.
1820    Alexander, Josias du Pre Aug 1820–2, 24–7, 29–32, 34–7, 39, d. Aug 1839.
1820    Edmonstone, Neil Benjamin Oct 1820–2, 24–7, 29–32, 34–7, 39–41, d. Jun 1841.
1820    Prescott, Charles Elton Jun 1820, 22–5, 27–30, 32, d. Jun 1832.
1821    Loch, John 1821–4, 26–8*–9**, 31–3**–4, 36*–9, 41–4, 46–9, 51–3.
1822    Mills, Charles (2) Aug 1822–4, 26–9, 31–4, 36–9, 41–4, 46–9, 51–8, d. 1872.
1823    Baillie, John May 1823, 25–8, 30–3, d. May 1833.
1823    Masterman, John Nov 1823–5,27–30,325, 37–40, 42–5, 47–50, 52–3.
1824    Muspratt, John Petty Mar 1824, 25–8, 30–3, 35–8, 40–3, 45–8, 50–3, d. Aug 1855.
1826    Alexander, Henry Mar 1826–26, 28–31, 33–6, 38–41, 43–6, 48–51, 53, d. Jan 1861.
1826    Farquhar, Robert Townsend Mar 1826–26–28, d. Mar 1830.
1826    Stuart, James 1826–9, 31–2, d. Apr 1833.
1826    Tucker, Henry St. George 1826–9,31–3*–4**,36–9,41–4, 46*–7**–9,51, d. Jun 1851.
1827    Carnac, James Rivett Mar 1827–27–28,30–3,35*–6**–7**–8, disq. Dec 1838.
1827    Lushington, James Law Jul 1827–8, 30–3, 35–7*–8**, 40–1*–2**–3,45–7*–8**,503, d. May 1859.
1829    Young, William Mar 1829–29–31, 33–6, 3841, 43–6.
1830    Fergusson, Robert Cutlar Feb 1830–30–31, 33–5, disq. Jun 1835.
1830    Forbes, John Apr 1830, 31–4, 36–9, d. Feb 1846.
1830    Lyall, George 1830–3,35–8,40*–1**–3,45–8, 50, disq. Jan 1851.
1831    Ellice, Russell Feb 1831, 32–5, 37–40, 42–5, 47–50, 52*–3**, 54–8.
1831    Shank, Henry 1831–4,36–9,41–4,46–9,51–3.
1832    Jenkins, Richard Jun 1832–5, 37–8*–9**–40, 42–5,47–50,52–3, d. Dec 1853.
1833    Agnew, Patrick Vans May 1833, 35–8, 40–2, d. Jun 1842.
1833    Bayley, William Butterworth July 1833–5 37–9*–40** 42–5 47–50,52–8, d. May 1860.
1833    Cotton, John Apr 1833–33–34, 36–9, 41– 2*–3**–4, 46–9, 51–3, d. Jul 1860.
1835    Shepherd, John Jun 1835–6, 38–41, 43*–4**– 6, 48–9*–50**–51**, 53–8, d. Jan 1859.
1836    Warden, Francis Jul 1836, 38–41,43–6,48–50, disq. Jul 1850.
1838    Smith, Martin Tucker Dec 1838, 40–3, 45–8, 50–8, d. Oct 1880.
1838    Willock, Henry Jan 1838, 39–42, 44*–5**–7, 49–52, 54–8.
1839    Hogg, James Weir Sep 1839–42, 44–5*– 6* *–7 , 49–50*–1 *–2**, 54–8, d. May 1876.
1840    Galloway, Archibald Sep 1840, 42–5, 47–8*– 49**–50, d. Apr 1850.
1840    Sykes, William Henry Jul 1840–2, 44–7, 49–52, 54–5*–6**–8, d. Jun 1872.
1841    Bryant, Jeremiah Feb 1841–41, 43–5, d. Jun 1845.
1841    Plowden, William Henry Chicheley 1841–4, 46–9, 51–3, d. Mar 1880.
1841    Robertson, Archibald Jun 1841–2, 44–7, d. Jun 1847.
1842    Macnaghten, Elliot Jun 1842–3, 45–8, 50–3, 54*, 55**, 56–8.
1844    Oliphant, James Jan 1844–44–46, 48–51, 53*, 54**, 55–6, disq. Apr 1857.
1844    Whiteman, John Clarmont May 1844–7, 49–52, d. Aug 1866.
1845    Melville, William Henry Leslie Jul 1845–6, 48–51, 53–5.
1847    Eastwick, William Joseph Jun 1847, 49–52, 54–8*.
1847    Mangles, Ross Donnelly 1847–50, 52–3, 54, 55, 56*, 57**, 58, d. Aug 1877.
1848    Caulfield, James 1848–51, d. Nov 1852.
1850    Moore, James Arthur May 1850, 52–3, d. Jul 1860.
1850    Prinsep, Henry Thoby Jul 1850–1, 53–8, d. Feb 1878.
1851    Astell, John Harvey Jul 1851, 52–8.
1851    Dent, William Jan 1851–51–53, d. Dec 1877.
1853    Marjoribanks, Dudley Coutts 1853
1854    Currie, Frederick 1854–6, 57*, 58**, d. Sep 1875.
1854    Pollock, George 1854–5, 58, d. Oct 1872.
1854    Willoughby, John Pollard 1854–8, d. Sep 1866.
1856    Rawlinson, Henry Creswicke 1856–8, d. Mar 1895.
1856    Vivian, John Hussey 1856–8.
1857    Peel, Laurence 1857, d. Jul 1884.
Smith, John (see Burgess, John Smith)
Thornton, William (2) (see Astell, William Thornton)

И поскольку теперь подлинной датой основания Honourable East India Company (Ост-Индской компании) теперь видится 1767 год, есть смысл поставить вместе целый ряд ключевых дат:
- 1758 – Ост-Индская компания объединилась с еще одной близкой по уровню компанией;
- 1765-й приблизительно год – вторая, основная дата похищения гарема Великого Могола «Джоном Эвери»;
- 1765 год – Ост-Индская Компания (Компания Бахадура) получила право собирать подати от имени Великого Могола;
- 1767 – Ост-Индская Компания получила название Honourable East India Company и взяла в долю английскую королевскую семью;
- 1769 год – в Индии в результате жесткого сбора податей страшный голод и миллионы смертей. В Бенгалии погибла треть всего населения.

ПОДВОДЯ НЕКОТОРЫЕ ИТОГИ

Я дам три весьма наглядные таблицы с номинальными и реальными датами географических открытий.
Исходный адрес статьи: http://livehistory.ru/direktora-ost-indskoj-kompanii.html

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